What to Expect on Your Child’s Literacy Journey

Every child grows at their own pace, but common milestones can help guide parents and caregivers as they support language and early reading.

Remember, kids develop on different timelines. If your child doesn’t reach a milestone right away, it doesn’t always mean something is wrong. If you’re unsure, trust your gut and talk with your pediatrician. They can let you know if your child is on track or may need extra support. Families in Indiana can also use free programs like First Steps for help.

Below is a simple guide to literacy milestones from birth to age five, with tips on what to look for and how to support your child at each stage.

Birth to 12 Months

Your baby is soaking up the world through sounds, faces and voices. Even before they say a single word, they’re learning language through every…

1 to 2 Years

Toddlers are discovering how powerful words can be and they’re eager to use them. This is when many children go from saying a few words to dozens.…

2 to 3 Years

This is the age of “Why?” Your child is beginning to ask questions, express thoughts and tell stories, building early literacy skills without even…

3 to 4 Years

Preschoolers are natural storytellers. They’re starting to understand how stories work and letters represent sounds. What to Expect: Retells…

4 to 5 Years

Your child is almost ready for school and they’re showing strong pre-reading skills. At this age, early literacy habits can really take flight. What…

Not sure what to do?

If you ever have concerns about your child’s development, start by talking to your pediatrician. You can also find free local resources through Brighter Futures Indiana or First Steps.

Learn more about First Steps